QUOTE
danimal:
[OK, I knew Wilson was Princeton prez, but \"one of the most racist figures\" in US history? Considering some of the others, that's saying a whole lot, so please educate me. :confused
Also \"southernmost of the Ivies\" is a very relative term ... it's practically a suburb of the Big Apple, although it might've been beyond commuting range that long ago. [/QB]
Yes, Woodrow Wilson was notoriously racist--in his personal beliefs and in his actions (or inaction). He helped to further segregation in federal government employment; unlike his Republican predecessors (yep, GOPers) he was loathe to meet with black leaders or blacks of any standing, though he did appoint a director of Negro Economics to look into the \"black question\"; he refused to speak out about lynching until 1918, after the US had entered the war and national unity was absolutely required to counter German propaganda, yet he never once mentioned black people as the main lynching targets and after the war pushed no anti-lynching legislation; and so forth. Here's Charles Paul Freund's description, from REASON journal:
Reason: Dixiecrats Triumphant by Charles Paul Freund QUOTE
It was Inauguration Day, and in the judgment of one later historian, \"the atmosphere in the nation's capital bore ominous signs for Negroes.\" Washington rang with happy Rebel Yells, while bands all over town played 'Dixie.' Indeed, the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, who swore in the newly elected Southern president, was himself a former member of the Ku Klux Klan. Meanwhile, \"an unidentified associate of the new Chief Executive warned that since the South ran the nation, Negroes should expect to be treated as a servile race.\" Somebody had even sent the new president a possum, an act supposedly \"consonant with Southern tradition.\"
This is not an alternate world scenario imagining the results of a Strom Thurmond victory in the 1948 election; it is the real March 4, 1913, the day Woodrow Wilson of Virginia moved into the White House. The details, above and below, are drawn from the work of historian Lawrence J. Friedman, especially 1970's The White Savage: Racial Fantasies in the Postbellum South.
***
Wilson's historical reputation is that of a far-sighted progressive. That role has been assigned to him by historians based on his battle for the League of Nations, and the opposition he faced from isolationist Republicans. Indeed, the adjective \"Wilsonian,\" still in use, implies a positive if idealistic vision for the extension of justice and democratic values throughout the world. Domestically, however, Wilson was a racist retrograde, one who attempted to engineer the diminution of both justice and democracy for American blacks—who were enjoying little of either to begin with.
Wilson's racist views were hardly a secret. His own published work was peppered with Lost Cause visions of a happy antebellum South. As president of Princeton, he had turned away black applicants, regarding their desire for education to be \"unwarranted.\" He was elected president because the 1912 campaign featured a third party, Theodore Roosevelt's Bullmoose Party, which drew Republican votes from incumbent William Howard Taft. Wilson won a majority of votes in only one state (Arizona) outside the South.
BTW, Princeton drew a decent number of Southerners, more I believe than the other Ivies, for quite some time.
[ July 29, 2004, 10:19 PM: Message edited by: fantomas ]